5 minute read 9 May 2020
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How can companies drive the tokenization of assets?

Authors
Darko Stefanoski

Partner, Law Leader in Financial Services | EY Switzerland

His heart belongs to two places: one is Macedonia, where he has his roots, and the other is Switzerland, where he was born and lives.

Orkan Sahin

Senior Manager, Digital Law in Financial Services | EY Switzerland

Interface between technology and law. Passionate about emerging technologies and early- and growth-stage as well as non-traditional financial services. Loves to visit new places.

5 minute read 9 May 2020

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  • Tokenization of assets - broschure

What is driving the evolution of asset tokenization and what should corporates know about the latest developments?

Promising opportunities for startups and conventional financial institutions. In today’s digital and globalized world, companies such as financial institutions are under strong pressure to reduce costs and optimize business. Many are embracing digital solutions and emerging technologies as a way to create new revenue streams and optimize existing legacy systems.

While some digital solutions can simply be adopted by businesses and existing regulatory frameworks, others require a deeper understanding of the underlying technology and associated implications. Tokenization converts (real-word or virtual) asset rights into a unique digital representation – a token. While the basic concept of digitalization is not new, distributed ledger technology (DLT) like blockchain adds an additional dimension. The process of tokenization is promising in that it creates a bridge between real-world assets and their trading, storage and transfer in the digital world. 

The benefits of tokenizing assets are manifold. From higher cost efficiency to leaner trade financing options, there are various opportunities. At the same time, it’s important to address certain challenges. Asset tokenization is not the future – it’s the present. This deeply transformative innovation offers promising possibilities for financial markets. Despite an exponentially increasing interest in tokenized assets, conventional financial institutions and competent authorities are still cautious in their approach to asset tokenization. We need jurisdictions like Switzerland, well-known for its innovation-friendly stance, to help drive and foster the remarkable potential of tokenized assets. The innovational spirit, quality of life, size and supportive tax and regulatory environment make Switzerland an attractive hub for innovative endeavors.

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Spot on: Fundraising and StableCoins in Switzerland

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Token-based fundraising

Tokenized assets may flourish as a complement to “traditional” assets in the financial world by allowing smaller companies to access capital market financing. A security token offering (STO) is an evolution of fundraising. Financing through a STO has structural differences compared with traditional fundraising methods (e.g., venture capital, initial public offering), however. It  offers various advantages (e.g., the global reach of digital distribution of tokens, quick realization of STO-based financing), but also presents new challenges (e.g., legal and regulatory uncertainties, untrustworthy early-stage projects).

StableCoins and CBDCs

The value of StableCoins is frequently linked to an underlying asset. The usual objective of such projects is to minimize price volatility typical of currently available tokens. StableCoins are not necessarily subject to reduced price volatility, nor are they per se safe investments. The risks for investors are always dependent on the specific product and the exact structure. The requirements under supervisory law may differ depending on which assets (e.g., currencies, commodities, real estate or securities) back the StableCoin and on the legal rights of its holders.

Central bank digital currencies (CBDC) are a new form of currency issued digitally by central banks. Currently many central banks are exploring ways to launch their own CBDC, either wholesale or retail.

Tokenization has many facets – technological innovations require a holistic view of the technological, legal, tax, accounting and business aspects. 

Key to the future of tokenization

The tokenization of assets offers promising opportunities for financial markets. It is, however, still in its infancy and market adoption will take time. Key to the future of tokenization will be creating interoperability with existing systems to enable more widespread adoption. Participants in the value chain need to close gaps between each other and look for ways to bridge the traditional financial sector with new DLT-related businesses.

As tokenization offers new ways to represent, transfer and store assets, corporates need to assess the transformational impact on their business. Success hinges on a solid business and economic rationale as well as proper technical feasibility assessment.

If well designed, StableCoins and CBDCs could serve as an enabler for better cross-border payments. International cooperation is crucial for cross-border transactions of tokenized assets to limit regulatory arbitrage. Central banks are likely to collaborate with each other to carry out proof-of-concept work and pilot projects on cross-border payment and securities settlement arrangements.

Although international frameworks could take a few more years to come to fruition, asset tokenization is likely to play a crucial role in the management and trade of illiquid assets in the long term.

Discover more about asset tokenization in our brochure.

Summary

As tokenization offers new ways to represent, transfer and store assets, corporates need to assess the transformational impact on their business. Success hinges on a solid business and economic rationale as well as proper technical feasibility assessment.

About this article

Authors
Darko Stefanoski

Partner, Law Leader in Financial Services | EY Switzerland

His heart belongs to two places: one is Macedonia, where he has his roots, and the other is Switzerland, where he was born and lives.

Orkan Sahin

Senior Manager, Digital Law in Financial Services | EY Switzerland

Interface between technology and law. Passionate about emerging technologies and early- and growth-stage as well as non-traditional financial services. Loves to visit new places.